Impact of Illegal Immigrant Workers on the US Economy Essay

Illegal immigration is tightly woven into the fabric of the US economy. Its prevalence impacts all corners of the financial world, but affects the greatest impact on educational funding, healthcare expenditures and taxes. Illegal immigration tends to be viewed from extreme viewpoints in our country often influenced more by personal biases and political opinions than statistical facts. In reality, the positive and negative effects nearly neutralize each other and it has become a delicate balancing act for politicians to create and maintain a system that works to please both sides and retain economic stability. Illegal immigrants are defined as anyone who is not a US citizen and who is in the country in violation of our immigration laws; this could mean anyone who has entered the country undocumented or falsely documented, those with expired visas or any permanent resident who commits a crime after entry and remains after deportation orders. It is virtually impossible to report exactly how many illegal immigrants reside in the country since they deal with fears of deportation they don’t readily identify themselves, but the INS, Census Bureau, and US General Accounting office estimates put the number somewhere between 2 and 12 million. There is also likely fluctuation based on time of year depending on availability of agricultural work. Most of the illegal immigration debate over the last two decades has focused on Mexican immigrants and California has been used as a model for influencing regulations across the country. This is due to the fact that in the US those of Mexican origin account for over 54% of all illegal immigrants and that California houses over 40% of the illegal immigrant population. This is important to recognize because many of the arguments and proposed or passed laws with regards to this issue stem from the Mexican immigration dilemma in California. (Here is what I could recover- I can get it done by Sunday on the school computers if it will make your due date- I am so sorry again. . . I have been freaking out ‘cause of my computer and then I was stuck at work and couldn’t get to any computer all day yesterday.)

Drilling Machine

Drilling Machine Chapter-4 ?Drilling machines ?Any component manufactured has one or more cylindrical hole in them. ?The process of making a hole is known a drilling. ?The cutting tool, which is used for making holes, is known as drill. ?The drill is a multipoint cutting tool. ?Definition: Drilling is the operation of making holes in a work piece using a drill bit. ?The hole is generated by the rotating drill, which exerts large force on the work piece clamped rigidly on the machine table. ?What is a Drilling machine ? A power operated machine tool, which holds the drill in its spindle rotating at high speeds and when manually actuated to move linearly simultaneously against the work piece produces a hole. ?Drilling machines ?Types Of Drilling Machines †¢Portable drilling machine †¢Bench Drilling Machine (Sensitive drilling machine) †¢Upright drilling machine †¢Radial drilling machine †¢Gang drilling machine †¢Multiple spindle drilling machine †¢Aut omatic drilling machine †¢Deep hole drilling machine. ?Portable drilling machine ?It is a small and compact machine, which can be conveniently held by hand, and drilling operations can be carried out. These machines are used to drill small holes in large work piece. ?Portable machines run at high speeds, powered by electrical motor or pneumatic. ?The maximum diameter of hole it can drill is 12 mm. The feed is applied by hand. ?Portable drilling machine ?Portable drilling machine ?Bench Drilling Machine (Sensitive Drilling Machine) ?Bench drilling machine ?These are light duty machines used in small workshops. ?Also called Sensitive drilling machines because of its accurate and well balanced spindle. ?Holes of diameter 1 mm to 15 mm. ?The main parts of the machine The main parts of the machine are Base, ?Vertical main column, ?Moving head ?Work table, ?Spindle and ?Driving mechanism. ?Bench Drilling Machine ?Upright Drilling Machine ?In construction the upright drilling machine is similar to a sensitive drilling machine for having a vertical column mounted upon the base. ?This machine is designed for handling medium sized work pieces. ?For drilling of different types of work a large number of spindle speeds and feeds are available. ?Upright Drilling Machine ?Upright Drilling Machine ?There are two types of Upright drilling machine †¢Round Column Section or Pillar drilling Machine Box Column Section. ?Round Column Section or Pillar Drilling Machine ?It consists of a round column that rises from the base which rests on the floor, a round table assembly, drill assembly and an arm. ?The arm and the table may be moved up and down on the column for holding work pieces of different heights and also moved in an arc up to 1800 and may be clamped in any position. ?The maximum size of holes that the machine can drill is up to 50mm ? Box Column Section Upright Drilling Machine ?It has square table fitted on the slides at the front face of the machine column. The table can be moved up and down by an elevating screw. ?It is suitable to work for heavier work pieces. ?The holes above 50mm in diameter can be drilled by this type of machine. ?Radial drilling machine ?These are heavy duty and versatile drilling machine used to perform drilling operation on large and heavy work piece. ?Holes up to 7. 5 cm can be drilled ?Radial Drilling Machine ?Radial Drilling Machine Base ?It is a large rectangular casting that is finished on its top to support a column at one end and work table at the other end. In some machines two or more number of bases are provided when drilling is done on a work pieces supported on anyone of the bases, another workpiece may be set up on the other for continuous operations. ?Radial Drilling Machine Column ?It is a cylindrical casting mounted vertically at one end of the base. It supports the radial arm which may slide up or down on its face. Radial arm ?It is mounted on the column extends horizontally over the base. ?It is a casting with its front vertical face accurately machined to provide guide ways on which the drill head may be made to slide. Radial Drilling Machine Drill head ?It is mounted on the radial arm and drives the drill spindle. ?A small drill head may be made to slide on the guide ways of the arm for adjusting the position of drill spindle with respect to work. Spindle drive and feed mechanism ?A constant speed motor is mounted at the extreme end of the radial arm. ?Working ?Work piece is marked for exact location and mounted on the work table. ?Drill bit is then located by moving the radial arm and drill to the marked location. ?By starting drill spindle motor holes are drilled. Radial drilling machines Plain radial drilling machine ?In this type of machine provisions are made for vertical adjustment of arm. ?In addition horizontal movement of drill head along the arm and circular movement of the arm in horizontal plane about the vertical column is also possible. ?Radial drilling machi nes Semi universal column ?In addition to the above movements the drill head can be swung about horizontal axis perpendicular to the arm. ?Other than the normal position the drill head permits to drilling a hole at an angle to the horizontal plane. Radial drilling machines Universal machine ?In addition to all the above mentioned movements. The arm holding the drill head may be rotated on a horizontal axis. ?This helps the universal machine to drill a hole on the work piece at any angle. ?Gang Drilling Machines ?Gang Drilling Machines ?Gang Drilling Machines ?The working features of a gang drilling machine are similar to other types of drilling machines. ?The only exception in a gang drilling machine is that a number of single spindles are placed side by side on a common base and are mounted on the same table. Each of these spindles can be independently set for different speed and depth of cut. ?Such machines are useful when number of holes of different sizes are to be drilled on th e same workpiece. ?Multiple Spindle Drilling Machine ?Multiple Spindle Drilling Machine ?Multiple Spindle drilling machine ?In these machines the head assembly consists of multiple spindles driven by a single motor with gear drives in the head. ?These machines are mostly used in continuous production shops where several holes of same diameter or different diameters are to be drilled simultaneously and accurately. ?Deep hole drilling machine These machines are used for drilling holes where depth exceed normal drill size. ?These machines are operated at high speed and low feed. ?These machines are very useful for drilling deep holes in rifle barrels, crank shafts, etc. ?The drill is withdrawn automatically each time when it penetrates in to the work to a depth. ?Deep hole drilling machine ?Drilling Machines Specification ?The specification of the radial drilling machine are ?Diameter of the column ?Length of the column ?Length of the arm ?Maximum & minimum drilling radius ?Spindle spe ed ?Feed. ?Drilling Machines SpecificationThe other details of the drilling machine are ?Maximum diameter of the drill that machine can operate. ?Table size ?Rise or lowering of the spindle ?Power ?Drilling Operations The different operations that can be performed in a drilling machine are †¢Drilling †¢Reaming †¢Boring †¢Counter boring †¢Counter sinking †¢Spot facing †¢Tapping †¢Trepanning ?Reaming ?It is a process of smoothing the surface of drilled holes with a tool. ?Tool is called as reamer. ?Initially a hole is drilled slightly smaller in size. ?Drill is replaced by reamer. ?Speed is reduced to half that of the drilling. ?Reaming ?Boring It is process carried on a drilling machine to increase the size of an already drilled hole. ?Initially a hole is drilled to the nearest size and using a single point cutting tool the size of the hole is increased. ?Counter boring ?This process involves increasing the size of a hole at only one end. ?Cutt ing tool will have a small cylindrical portion called pilot. ?Cutting speed = two-thirds of the drilling speed for the same hole. ?Counter sinking ?This is an operation of making the end of a hole into a conical shape. ?Cutting speed = half of the cutting speed of drilling for same hole. Spot facing ?It is a finishing operation to produce flat round surface usually around a drilled hole, for proper seating of bolt head or nut. ?It is done using a special spot facing tool. ?Tapping ?Process of cutting internal threads with a thread tool called as tap. ?Tap is a fluted threaded tool used for cutting internal thread ? Cutting speed is very slow. ?Trepanning ?It is a method of producing a hole by removing a disk shaped piece usually from flat plates. ?The hole is produced by removing the metal along the circumference of a hollow cutting tool. A hole is produced without removing much of the material from the workpiece, resulting in saving of material. ?Trepanning ?Tools used in drilling machine †¢Drills †¢Reamers †¢Taps ?Drills †¢Flat drills †¢Straight fluted †¢Twist drills ?Flat drill ?Straight fluted drills ?Straight fluted drills ?Twist Drill ?Twist drills are rotary end-cutting tools having one or more cutting lips and one or more straight or helical flutes for the passage of chips and cutting fluids. Twist drills are made with straight or tapered shanks, but most have straight shanks. ?Drill tool ?Twist Drills ?Nomenclature of Twist Drill ?Point ?Body ?shank ?Point Point is a cone shaped end of the drill. ?chisel edge or dead centre – sharp edge formed at the extreme tip of the drill by intersection of two conical surfaces. ?Point ?Flank – is the conical surface of the point. ?Lip – is the cutting edge formed at the intersection of the flank and inner surface of the flute. ?Body ?Body is the portion of the drill that extends from the tip of the drill to the lower edge of the neck. Flutes – are helical g rooves that are cut on the cylindrical surface of the drill. ?Body Margin – is the narrow strip along side of the flute. It guides and prevent rubbing of heel in the drilled hole.Heel- is the edge formed by the intersection of the flute surface and undercut surface of body. ?Body Body clearance – narrow surface gap between the margin and undercut portion of body. Web – is the thickness between two flutes. ?Shank ?Shank is the portion of drill above the neck. ?It will be straight or tapered. ?End of the shank is provided with small taper called as tang. ?Helix angle – angle formed by leading edge of the land with a plane having axis of the drill. ?lip relief angle – the angle formed by flank and a plane at right angles to the drill axis. ?Point angle – angle formed between two flanks.

Japanese Culture and Literature Essay

The Japanese technology is leading the world these days. Especially with the mobile phone market is Japan far ahead of Europe and the United States. Although these progressions and innovations, two cliches still rule the thinking about the country. One is the fact that Japan is a small country, with no ethnic diversity, and has a high income per head. The other one is that Japan ‘imitates’; the idea that Japan does not make its own products, but tries to improve other products. Japan has of course its own creativity and its own cultural achievements, known throughout the world, such as the ‘tea ceremony’, ‘sumo wrestling’ and ‘sushi’. Japan’s economy, culture and civilization changed rapidly when the cultivation of rice was introduced, from China, in the fourth century BC. The nomadic life they used to live was changed for an agricultural one. They started to settle in villages and a new sense of economy and cooperation was established. This new sense of economic thinking also brought forth an ideal that still holds in the Japanese culture: the need of the group is more important than the need of the individual. The Japanese civilization developed very late in comparison with the civilizations found in Egypt, Greece, India or China. Japan, as consisting completely of small islands, stayed a long time being isolated from the rest of the world and therefore stayed a long time being a hunters-gatherers society. China had a great impact on the development of Japan. In the seventh and eighth century, China represented the most developed country in the world in those days. Before this Chinese influence that changed the political system in Japan, the political system consisted mainly of powerful warlords. These warlords and wealthy families established many different centers and Japan was not a unity. Finally one family succeeded in taking the power over the southern and central islands. This clan and its ‘emperor’ started the imperial line. After this establishment, many Chinese political models were introduced in Japan. Taxation systems, new law codes and the whole political administrative system were copied. This Chinese model did not seem to be the best for Japan. Land was divided among the population equally and the taxes were also equal for all the people. The emperor was the ruler and had absolute power and the administrators were chosen through examination and ability. In Japan, the emperors ruled with the family and kinship ties. There were no examinations or ability tests in the old Japan. The nobility did not want to leave their positions and government and laws started changing constantly. The introduction of Buddhism had a big impact on the Japanese society. The original Shinto religion was completed with Chinese and Korean Buddhism. Apparently, these two religions can co-exist well together. Buddhism can be seen as a ‘nature’ religion and because the people of Japan lived close to nature, this worked out fine. Shinto gave the people no hope beyond death, Buddhism did. Nature is not consistent, it is impermanent, and it keeps on changing and so does live. This concept of impermanence is not only seen in the culture and religion of Japan, but also in literature. Literary themes like suffering, life struggles, awareness of the transient nature of earthly things, is represented everywhere. Japanese Culture and Literature The Manyoshu The Manyoshu is the oldest collection of Japanese poetry. The title means â€Å"collection of ten thousand leaves†. The translation of the Japanese symbol ‘leave’ can also be translated as ‘age’ or ‘generation’. Therefore the collection is sometimes said to be the â€Å"collection for ten thousand ages†, which can be interpreted as a collection for the generations to come. At the time of the last dated poem, 759 AD, Japan had just changed into a society with a governing emperor, a new national identity and government and a new religious system. All these new influences came from neighboring country China, which had a big impact of the development of Japan economically, politically, religious and socially. Contacts with China also brought roads, irrigations works, harbors, new fabrics and pagodas to Japan. Japan was not just coping the Chinese ways, they made their own. This also meant the introduction of a new writing style, coming from the Chinese characters, but with a Japanese twist. It is amazing to see that the quality of the poems of the Manyoshu is very high. The experience and finesse of the writers is special for this collection and hard to find again in the poetry written in later ages. The passion, sincerity and innocence are attracting many people to reading the poems. There are basically two principal written forms used in the poems. The first one is the ‘choka’. This is a long poem with an indeterminate number of lines of alternating five and seven-syllable lines, ending with two seven-syllable phrases. It then has the pattern: 5-7-5, 7-5, 7-5, 7-5, †¦ , 7-7. The second poem form is the ‘tanka’, a short poem, written with a total of 31 syllables in the pattern 5-7-5, 7-7. The Manyoshu is often said to offer everything to the reader because there is so much variety to be found. For some it is also proof of the Japanese identity with its great creativity and complexity. References Keene, Donald. (Ed. ). (1994). Anthology of Japanese Literature: From the Earliest Era to the Mid-Nineteenth Century. New York: Grove Press.

Financial Management Fundamentals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial Management Fundamentals - Essay Example The company may face problems in meeting its short term obligations. The company has not raised long term debts and its long term liability is only pension liability. Accordingly the company is very low geared. Earning per share and dividend per share are so attractive that company will get oversubscribed whenever the company will go public. The detailed financial analysis follows: Profitability of Nichols Plc. have been analyzed from three angles, namely, Net Margins, Return on Assets(ROA) , and Return on Equity (ROE). Financial statements for Nichols Plc. have presented the profitability for 2006 (and restated figures for 2005) before and after taking into account exceptional items. Accordingly the profitability analysis have been made from both angles, i.e., before and after the exceptional effects on profitability. The following ratio calculations have helped in reaching an investigative analysis: Net profit margin â€Å"also called the Return on sales ratio, it shows after tax profit(net income) generated by each sales dollar by measuring the percentage of sales revenue retained by the company after operating expenses, creditor interest expenses, and income taxed have been paid.†(BDC)1. Net Profit Margins have shown a tremendous jump from 7.37 % to 10.01 despite the fact the sales revenue has been reduced from 63.336m in 2005 to 52.296m in current year 2006. That means Nichols has worked on some strategic issues and kept the qualitative business alive that generates the real profits for the company. This fact is clearer when a reference is made net profit margins after the exceptional adjustments; the increase in net margin is by huge 5.54%. Also the Chairman’s Statement makes the issue of profitability absolutely clear when it states that, â€Å"the progress made in underlying profitability is actually much greater than the headline figures suggest, due to di storting effects of Balmorals disposals completed in January 2006.† As

Political Realism and Neo-realism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Political Realism and Neo-realism - Essay Example According to the paper each one of the so called super powers of the universe employs all the available resources and forces to maintain their legendary political stature. On the other hand, developing nations, whose political and economical images still lie below the surface of the universe, also struggle to sharpen their bristle fangs to keep away the possible exploitations from the powerful states. The politically able nations, in reaction to the defensive game of the underdeveloped nations, make all efforts to curb the dependence of such ‘poor’ nations on them. This is realism in play; every state on its own, exhibiting the unending selfish nature of the political leadership. Neo-realism is just but a replica of the features of the original realism; the very eternal struggle has been structurally cocooned, both aspects portraying almost similar trends. Therefore, the slightest difference between the two has always been very invisible light for many scholars and world leaders. This study outlines that  the very concept also brought about the reconciliation among many states after the war. Today, realism has continued to guide the minds of policymakers in different states of the world. It is interesting to see how nations divide a long the lines political power; without any apparent interest on the economical wealth, following this old theory of the early 1900s. Each one of the so called super powers of the universe employs all the available resources and forces to maintain their legendary political stature.  

Development Needs analysis (explanation and justification)(personal Essay

Development Needs analysis (explanation and justification)(personal develop) - Essay Example It is a self-reflective process of metacognition. The evaluation of one’s skills in strategic learning is a critical part of the school curricular program. It entails the student reflecting on the abilities, strengths and weakness in the tackling of the everyday work at school. Since historical times at the invention of the formal education system, teachers used academic performance as the driving tool to determine the excellence for the students. Conveniently, this provides a framework and a record of results that reflect on the student is thinking capabilities. However, this makes the students less equipped in handling day-to-day life situations. Time to time, oral presentation in class gives a reflection of the oratory skills of the students and can be harnessed and perfected for good public speaking skills. In addition, make-up, and personal tutorials help to build the culture of critical thinking as the student are engaged in the explanation of the answers. It offers a better platform for the students to assess their personal capabilities in their academics and general mindset. The teacher can capitalize on this by asking the student a one on one question to evaluate how well they answer the questions. My learning culture is very progressive putting into consideration the previous class evaluations. I am not blowing anything out of proportion and being a victim of the Lake Wobegon effect of thinking beyond my capabilitie s. Despite not putting the best of effort due to the co-curricular activities, I still manage to register excellent scores. It has culminated from the fact that I represent the school in much of the outdoor curricular activities. I have attended student-led conferences in which I presented an article before the teachers and the parents. It gave me opportunities to reflect finally on my oratory skills that I have been practicing over a period. I had a well-prepared portfolio prior to the conference day that assisted and guided me

Effect of Social Network Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Effect of Social Network - Research Paper Example ..† (Ebesco host, n.d). This has undoubtedly had many effects on the user individually, and it has affected their general ways of thinking because of individuals having access to others opinions. The impacts of social media cannot be simply classified as good or bad, as it is a subject that elicits several different opinions from different groups and each school of thought s based on different circumstances. One of the effects of social network that has had a very widely felt and influential impact is the empowering of its users with information. In addition, a forum to air their views in circumstances where, the same would not have been previously possible. The revolutions that took place in Egypt and Liberia in the last year can trace a lot of their motivation on social network sites like face book. The people in these countries had been oppressed but could not do anything about it since the governments controlled most of the media and kept it censored. However, the citizens could share all the information they wanted and messages encouraging revolution and resistance as well as records of governments injustices were put on facebook and significantly facilitated the revolutions. From this, we can see social media being used to bring political revolutions and hence have a picture of what a powerful tool it is. Social networking is also said to be addictive, and teens often get addicted to and cannot spend a few hours without getting online to chat with friends. Bearing in mind that the physiological and psychological effects on these networks can be severe, and addiction to social networks can pose a serious problem. This is because it has been proved that,â€Å"†¦ overuse of media and technology has a negative effect on the health of all children, preteens and teenagers by making them more prone to anxiety, depression, and other psychological disorders†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ( American Psychological Association, 2011). Sexual offenders have also used facebo ok as a platform on which to lure and entice their victims through fake but attractive identities. Many youths who go social networking to make friends or date have been taken advantage of when they form relationships with some of these offenders who should they meet in person, assault or even kill them. Social networks are susceptible to malicious people considering that,†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦there are more than 600,000 Registered Sex Offenders in United States and about 150,000 of them have been lost in the system† (Williams & Lebrun, 2009 p.105). These statistics posted on facebook by loud security systems help users to appreciate the immense danger posed by social networks in the hands of the wrong people. The amount of time spent on social networks can also negatively affect ones school grades. This is because many students are online when they should be studying and often they use their smart phones in class to social network. This often translates into poor concentration in cla ss and the same can be transferred to the workplace when they will be employed. They may end up wasting many hours online when they should be working. On the other hand, social networks play a prominent role in helping people to socialize, especially teenagers, as the assumption that, social networks make people anti social, does not always holds true. This is because shy children can be able to meet and make new friends online which is extremely beneficial for their

Leading Strategic Change and Business Strategy Case Study

Leading Strategic Change and Business Strategy - Case Study Example (2003) suggest, strategic change can move beyond merely the formulation of strategy by a consideration of the whole process from planning through to implementation. Change management does involve "managing" and thus control, but also the realization that change is often an organic process that develops in unexpected manners. Baloqun's most important idea, one that moves beyond traditional change management, is that it should move beyond the "formulaic" and "linear" process that has previously dominated the models. Context-specific analysis is an interesting variation on the normal modeling process, as it seeks to enable the manager to see that which is specific to her company rather than that which fits into the models. The change kaleidoscope involves dissecting the possible ramifications of change, while always keeping in mind the overall strategy that is in place. The manager must develop what Baloqun refers to as "change judgment": that is, the ability to understand the critical features of a specific change context. The important element here is to recognize what is and what is not possible within change implementation. A manager involved in change management first needs to be aware of what exactly is happening at the given moment within the business, and then needs to be able to extrapolate possible outcomes based upon that awareness. The first premise of planning is having as much knowledge as possible. The type of planning which is now occurring has changed radically from that envisioned in the traditional business model. As John Byrne puts it, "gone are the abstraction, sterility, and top-down arrogance of the old model." (Byrne, 1) Now managers in the most successful corporations are part of a system in which "today's gurus of strategy urge companies to democratize the process", and they do this "by handing strategic planning over to teams of line and staff managers from different disciplines." (Byrne, 1) Often young, junior managers who are noted for their creative thinking are teamed with near-retirement, senior managers who essentially have nothing to lose and so can tell it like it is. So from the most junior to the most senior manager there is a role, both for planning within their own specific area of the business, but also for constant consideration of how that may effect longer-term and more far-reaching plans. This is the democratic and enrolling type of leadership that is increasingly seen as the most successful in the modern business environment in which change is constant. Planning is perhaps the central role of all managers, because all the other functions flow from it and must always consider their relationship to it. A business without a plan has no future, and so all the other functions will be redundant. Organization within a business is essential to planning: in one sense it is one of the tools that may be used to realize a plan. Organization is divided into two basic areas: control/co-ordination of tasks, and the management of information flow within the company. Management of tasks and deciding what information needs to be collated and to whom it should go is essential for business growth, particularly for the vital task of leadership development. Organization involves investing in "human capital, the most important asset inside of organizations today." (Carter, xi) Managers, especially at the highest level, must organize the tasks of their

Self reflection paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Self reflection paper - Essay Example Similar to this is the devil effect, whereby a person evaluates another as low on many traits because of a belief that the individual is low on one trait which is assumed to be critical. This paper will give a self reflection of my life as a home nurse well as how my life has been changed as a result of different view of ethics. One of the major experiences to an understanding of my life in the nursing profession is the impact of nature and nurture in our future judgment and interpretation of issues. Having worked for some time as a nurse, I have also freely interacted with old people, children and the sick. In this way, I have come to admire how the living condition during the early years of a child can determine his or her social life. For example, a child who is born in a loving, caring and protective family will always be respectful to others, hardworking and above all co-exist well with the environment. Whereas a child who is born in a violent family will become intolerative and harsh to divergent views, he or she will always want his word to be taken serious thus becoming a demigod (Fagothey, 2000). These children will never respect other people’s opinion thus they believe that violence is the solution. In my own personal life I have learnt that I have a good listening ability. This is attribut ed to the fact that I provide an ample opportunity to my patients so that they can inform me regarding their physical and mental situation. In this way, I have general information that I need to undertake my duties. One of the major ways that my experience will affect my work in the helping profession is that I will have the ability to intermingle with various people regardless of their cultural or economic background. Additionally, I will have ability to freely intermingle with other people thus by working as a team work I will be able to acquire skills possessed by other members of the team. One of the major aspects I learnt from my own life

Blackberry Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Blackberry - Research Paper Example As of 2012, there are more than 8 million BlackBerry subscribers worldwide. The company has its offices in Europe, North America and Asia- Pacific. It is traded on the Toronto Stock Exchange and NASDAQ. Company’s vision and goals include providing solutions across global mobile market. BlackBerry’s current mission is to enhance its current product portfolio and develop new products. It also aims to provide uninterrupted and efficient services. The brand’s corporate culture is well developed and celebrates creativity, achievements as well as risk taking attitude (Ahmed 35). The workforce is motivated to accomplish beyond potential. BlackBerry also supports the environment through variety of campaigns, programs and participative opportunities. The company is known for its philanthropic activities. The company has donated huge amounts in various social charities as well as institutions for growth and development of the society. Industry Information The industry info rmation includes Pestle and Porter’s Five Forces analysis. Pestle analysis Political Canada is a land of rich natural resources. Political environment is progressive; quality of life is stable and comfortable. Since political risk is very low in Canada, organizations have the liberty to establish their corporation without any political hassle. Economical Economy of Canada is dominated by service sector. Major energy exporter and trading country across the globe. Conservative banking system Economic system is market oriented. Social Sense of belongingness in the community. Living standard is high and maintaining social status is important. Women are given less preference than men in society and occupation. Technological Internet usage is one of the highest across the globe Most of the internet users are teenagers and young adults Social media is gaining a cult status Legal Federal state with parliament system Supreme court has the authority to bind any court with single ruling Individual privacy is important for Canadians and they also have a privacy protection act Jurisdiction is divided between provincial and federal jurisdictions Environmental Criticized for lack of environmental improvement activities High emission of greenhouse gases and high waste production from industries as well as organizations (â€Å"Environment†). Need for greater sustainable consumption Porter’s Five Forces Figure: Porter's five forces model (Source: (Source: Author’s creation) Production More than 90 percent of BlackBerry’s production costs go for its four largest suppliers. These are Elcotec, Jabil Circuit, Qulacomm and Multi-Fineline (â€Å"Do you know who manufactured your BlackBerry†). Various third party application developers have been integrating with the device. The company is a bit secretive about its supply chain management process as there is no mention of its logistics strategy in the company’s website. Since majority of its suppliers are concentrated in China, the company sometimes faces issues in terms of timely delivery and logistics management in case of bull orders. Personnel The employee compensation is based on basic pay, merit pay as well as benefits and incentives. Benefits include free message parlor, free gym membership, free participation in various wellness programs and a free BlackBerry. The current human resource division of

Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Strategy - Essay Example Porter argues that the ability to perform particular activities and to manage the linkages between these activities is a source of competitive advantage.   The above diagram shows an example of a corporate value chain analysis that can be applied to general manufacturing process of a Cadbury’s product. The analysis can help identify the company’s core competencies and weakness throughout the manufacturing process and whether competitive advantage is created or lost because of this. Internal Factor analysis summary (IFAS) External factors Analysis Summary (EFAS) Porter’s five forces applied to Cadbury plc Force Strong/Weak Threat to Cadbury Industry/ Competitor/Competitive rivalry Strong There are three main competitors within the confectionery industry, Cadbury , the market leader followed by Mars and Nestle, The competition between the three companies is very strong and each company aims to be the market leader Corporate strategy Chen et al (2009) states that â€Å" Corporate strategy is primarily about the choice of direction for a firm as a whole and the management of its business or product profile. Cadbury’s corporate directional strategy after their success in 2008 is growth. This is one of Cadbury’s main priorities for the future. Working alongside the company’s business strategy , Cadbury will work towards achieving horizontal growth. This is achieved by Cadbury expanding its products into other geographical locations and/or increasing the range of products and services it offers(Chen et al 2009) Cadbury hope to achieve horizontal growth by focusing on five key brands, Cadbury, Trident, Halls, Green and Black’s and The Natural Confectionary Company Cadbury are doing this as an action towards achieving their vision as it is believed that these brands have the strongest potential in new and existing markets on a global level A key factor towards Cadbury mentioned throughout the report, is lack of sales a nd revenue generated by Cadbury outside of western Europe. Therefore concentrating on specific brands that are thought to be the most successful on a global scale will help the company launch new products in other countries , hopefully

Charles Dickens Essay Example for Free

Charles Dickens Essay In The Signalman, however, speed is conveyed through motion used in the story, mostly by the travelling train. Once again, the opening of the story uses dialogue, and all is written in first person creating immediacy and close tension. And though movement is both slow and quick, both speeds are used to create an air of mystery and surprise in the way they link with areas which many would not prefer to pass through. When the narrator describes his descent to come into contact with the Signalman, his zigzag decent is pictured as becoming oozier and wetter as he went down and is reluctant to come down for this stranger, resembling a decent to the unknown or to Hell. The precision of the narrators detailed descriptions was an element of surprise for this detail was not normal, and reflects the characteristics of the Signalman in his daily job as perfectionist and precisionist. He is described with many words linking to a dark motif, such as being a dark sallow man, having a dark beard, heavy eyebrows and was in place solitary and dismal. Description used by Dickens seamlessly flows from the man to the setting as if the man was part of the landscape, merged like a ghost is to its surroundings. He is also described as being lonesome, which may depict an image of insanity when his thoughts and sightings of paranormal existence are merged. The cutting itself is then described as if the narrator had left the natural world, creating an air of mystery in the situation where the tunnel has a barbarous, depressing, and forbidding air and these metaphors put emphasis on the mystery in the setting. Use of speech is varied in this short story, as opposed to The Red Room only using direct speech, whereas The Signalman uses both direct and reported speech to help flow with the descriptive elements of the story. Time is therefore important in how it is conveyed in speech, and in various sections of dialogue, Dickens uses reported speech and direct speech to help us understand which point in time we are following: the past or present. In the most part, the direct speech is used to describe the present situation, and reported speech often used to provide exposition for the reader. In the first instance, the Signalman seems to be a quiet man, where he replied (but without sound), Yes , and his speech being one of his own as to have formed his own crude ideas of its pronunciation is a suggestion that he was from a poor upbringing or one with no education. Description using reported speech also suggests that happiness and leisure in spare time is not a frequent occurrence in the Signalmans life, where he had only under certain conditions or in certain hours of the day would he be able to do anything other than attending to the bell. It is also as if the Signalman is reliant on the electric bell, where is sometimes redoubled with anxiety if he is away from the bell and thus would be less happy than as expected. Repetition of speech is also effective in the story, with the first instance being the introduction of the short story with the words Halloa! Below there! used by three entities the narrator, the spectre and the train driver towards the end of the story. It is with this repetition that Dickens uses it to drawn in a supernatural surrounding and a sense of mystery, suspense and surprise when the Signalman asks the narrator to return, but dont call out and asking whether the narrator was not compelled by any feeling or conveyed to you in any supernatural way, changing the atmosphere to one of hope and a farewell which will result in them meeting again, into a sense of doom and one farewell which may be their last. In The Red Room, repetition is used in the first room with the elderly, seemingly disfigured people to show age. Many elderly people are portrayed as being hard of hearing a connotation of their age but can also, in this short story, imply a sense of danger about the Room. The solitary description of habitat is also key, where the small box his very little associated with non-work related media and objects. The extract describing the box is also different in literary effect to The Red Room in that it describes the focal point of mystery as the Signalman, where as the Red Room is the focal point of mystery in the short story. Frequent use of commas also break up the speech, allowing reader to pause and think while the passage flows on slowly, whereas more often in The Red Room it is used to make a switch to fast-paced movement. Detail to attention is also important in describing the reason for the solitude of the Signalman, where he relies on the bell to begin his duties and twice broke off with a fallen colour to attend to the Line outside, even though no train was passing and the bell did not ring. In the text itself, the word not is emphasised in small capital letters: NOT. This emphasis provides an image whilst the reader continues to follow the passage, and if read aloud the emphasis on the word would be clearly stressed to show importance and significance. Being solitary is also a sense of timidity and lonesomeness, which seems to be descriptors of the ghost: left arm is across the face, and the right arm is waved violently waved. The use of present tense in that clause is as if he had recently come across another sighting of the spectre, or as if the presence is never-ending and thus mysterious in the situation of the unknown. Other times are described as being signs to the Signalman of other deaths which later arrived, such as the girl on the train. Look out! Look out! and Below there! give a sense of fast-paced movement because of the short clause use, and does not say who is to be looking for danger. In The Red Room, the quietness of the elderly people, the repetition of their speech, and how they seems to reside in the first room is solitary, but brings with it also a sense of mystery, as does here in The Signalman. Resisting the slow touch of a frozen finger tracing out my spine is another example of metaphorical device used by Dickens to illustrate the presence of a supernatural being or an omen of some sort. But a sense of contradiction is evident in the narrators part, where he describes himself as being unsure of ghosts and supernatural beings. He states that the Signalman seemed to make the place strike colder, implying that the man is not one indeed or has something within him, which he also earlier describes as something that daunted him. In The Red Room, however, the spectre is known to be seen as around him in the space of the room, even though he describes the spirit as being fear. Contradiction could also be seen as being evident in The Red Room, where the senior people are left inside the first room by the narrator to explore the castle further, despite them telling him not to go, yet the return to give a helping hand towards the end of the story. Both stories seems to have a sense that truth is always hidden, whether it be in lies, for example when the old people in The Red Room ask and you have seen it to the narrator; in The Signalman, the truth is hidden in the silence of the ghost and the worry from the Signalman which surfaces as a result, affecting his judgement and post. The last paragraphs of the two short stories differ in many ways, however. Though the two stories are similar in the way mystery and surprise is conveyed, the stories end in either one or the other. The Red Room concludes with a greater sense of surprise, whereas The Signalman does so with a greater sense of mystery. Surprise is conveyed in the final part of the story when it is the man with the shade who speaks last. His words utter there is Fear in that room of hers, with the female body referring to the wife of the deceased man who tried to jester her, and that this fear lives on in that room, which is an ending of surprise, not well known to many ghost stories of the time. The Signalman, however, ends in a sense of great mystery as repetition is explained and further examined by the narrator, where the gesticulation he had imitated can lead us to imply that the Signalman was indeed troubled and the precise actions were so alike in those three image shown to us through the writing by Charles Dickens as being of significance, and does not reference other coincidences. This focus poses mystery upon the whole story, but more so in this focal point, and a sense of helplessness to a solitary man seems no use and a dreadful time as described by the driver of the train. It could also be seen that the description of emerging from the tunnel is likewise to similar descriptions of near-death experiences being of a tunnel with a light at the end, or descriptions of Purgatory where the mind can be cleansed of illness, just as the Signalman was cleared of his daunting thoughts. In The Signalman, the sense of mystery is greater emphasised in the entirety of the story with the bleaker setting, whereas The Red Room owes more descriptive elements to the sense of surprise, mostly due to use of frequent punctuation and pause in the sentences. Both short stories are equal in effect for conveying, but The Red Room is more efficient in sustaining a sense of mystery and surprise in that the use of vocabulary and repetition and motifs are far more effective, as well as more literary techniques being used more frequently in this text and the Dickens text. In The Signalman, the descriptions of place and events convey separate areas of mystery and surprise, but not sustain as clearly as H. G. Wells, and the use of speech breaks up the sense of mystery as it can sometimes be misleading in the events. Matthew Chew 10P Name: Matthew Chew Form: 10P Set: 2 Date: 21st December 2009 Title: With detailed reference to The Signalman by Charles Dickens and The Red Room by H. G. Wells, compare the ways in which the two writers sustain/convey an air of mystery and surprise in the two short stories. Texts: The Red Room by H. G. Wells; The Signalman by Charles Dickens. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Miscellaneous section.

Financial System and Formal Credit Services in Vietnam

Financial System and Formal Credit Services in Vietnam An overview of the Vietnamese financial system Over a 4-year period from 1988 to 1992, the Vietnamese government have initiated a wide ranges of economic reforms in order to enhance the transition itself from a centrally-planned to a market-oriented economy. Along with the implementation of state enterprise reforms and external trade liberalization, the Vietnamese government have promoted a huge number of banking sector reforms, which has resulted into a diversification of the financial system. First, a Soviet-style mono banking system has switched to a two-tier banking system in 1988s with the four sector-specialised state-owned banks separated from the State Bank of Vietnam (SBV) and playing a key role in the banking system. These four state-owned banks include the Bank for Foreign Trade of Vietnam (Vietcombank), the Vietnam Bank for Industry and Trade (Vietinbank), Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (VBARD) and the Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam (BIDV). The SBV acts as the central bank, providin g both on-site and off-site inspection and supervising the operations of both banks and non-bank financial institutions. The public banking sector is comprised of the five state-owned commercial banks which altogether dominates the market. Second, the Vietnamese government also encouraged and created various opportunities for the influx of new players into the financial sector. These newcomers consisted of foreign banks, non-bank financial institutions such as insurance companies, join-stock commercial banks, join-venture banks, even credit funds and cooperatives. In addition, this policy has led to a dramatic rise in the quantities of branches and representative offices of existing state-owned commercial banks at that period. Bank for Foreign Trade, for example, has totalled 32 municipal and provincial branches (World Bank 2002). The branch network of the banking sector totally covers nearly 10,000 wards and communes throughout the nation. The economic reform process has, additionally, brought about the marked transformation in agriculture production sector. The presence of private family farms and non-farm enterprises in rural sites has increased pressures on the government for the establishment of credit institutions. Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (VBARD) and Vietnam Bank for Social Policy (VBSP) has then become the dominant financial service providers to the low-income population, and used the extensive network of political mass organizations to mobilize, appraise, and monitor clients (BWTP 2008). Like many other developing countries, Vietnamese credit markets is the coexistence of formal and informal credit markets. In general, rural financial system in Vietnam can be grouped into three main categories: formal sector, semi-formal sector and informal sector (Marsh et al. 2004; Lan and An 2005). The formal sector includes Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (VBARD), Vietnam Bank for Social Policy (VBSP) and People Credit Funds (PCFs) (World Bank, 2002). Semi-formal credit is provided by the National and International programs targeting at a selective range of borrowers and conforming to certain development targets (Pham and Lensink, 2007), and by Microfinance Programs of Mass Organizsations as well as by Savings and Credit Schemes supported by NGO and donors. The informal sector consists of private moneylenders, revolving credit associations (RCA), relatives, friends and other individuals. The informal sector has been the traditional provider of credit in rural a reas, as the result of an underdeveloped formal credit market (Marsh et al. 2004). In programs towards poor and vulnerable households, the Vietnamese Government included credit provision through microfinance institutions (MFIs) in their anti-poverty programs for the rural areas (Commins et al., 2001). These are programs focusing on female clientele who often join in groups, providing small loans for them to invest in income-generating activities (Armendariz and Morduch, 2005). The expected outcome is that rural female entrepreneurs can cope better with emergencies such as unfavorable natural events or be protected from further impoverishment during economic stress (Rutherford, 2002). The formal sector has been the key credit provider in the Vietnamese rural credit market, in which VBARD and VBSP are both the dominant. VBARD has the largest percentage of outstanding loans in the year 2010, accounting for 63%, followed by VBSP at 30%. The third position belongs to PCFs, at 6%. In contrast, microfinance institutions occupies merely 1% of outstanding loans. Figure: Percentage of outstanding loans of main sourcesto household borrowers Source: (PCFs 2010; VBARD 2010; VBSP 2010; Mix Market 2012) Source: Microfinance Resource Centre (2001) Regulations regarding banks With the aim of improving the provision of credit for individuals, households and firms in need and enhancing the effectiveness as well as the soundness of credit providing institutions, the Vietnamese government has promulgated a wide range of regulations on banking operations. These laws set numerous regulations for credit products offered, as well as for activities of credit institutions, ranging from capital norms, restrictions on asset/liability management and limits on credit institutions’ investment in real estate. In 2010, the government has issued the Decree No.41/2010/ND-CP on a wide range of credit policies aimed at agricultural and rural development. First, credit institutions should, under the decree, be encouraged to provide their credit services for rural areas with appropriate interest rates, in accordance with commercial lending mechanism. Second, lending procedures should be simplified, facilitating rural borrowers to get access to loans. Moreover, assistance policies for rural borrowers should also be built up so as to curb expected risks, say, natural disasters, earthquakes or epidemics. Third, the decree will operate as a legal framework for the political system and the whole society in the enhancement of the lending provision for the agricultural and rural development. Interest rate policy Interest rate policy is among crucial policies for the reform of banking sector regulated by The Law on Banks and Credit Institutions. Since 2000, the government has gradually liberalised interest rates. And it is the liberalization of the interest rate that gives financial institutions a little more freedom in determining the rates on lending and saving (WB, 2002). The replacement of the base interest rate mechanism plus margins for the ceiling mechanism regarding the domestic currency-based lending has then been applied for all formal financial institutions. Both base lending rate and margin, under this mechanism, acts as limits for the lending rate requirements of the banks. This new mechanism provides adequate flexibility to credit institutions and should help to enhance firms’ access to credit (IMF, 2002a). Furthermore, the Vietnamese government has also undertaken the regulation for the difference between lending rates and saving rates. According to this regulation, this spread cannot exceed 0.3% and 0.5% per month for short-term loans and medium-term and long-term loans respectively, which has in turn discouraged rural financial institutions from extending small loans to the rural poor and low-income households, given the high transaction costs for small loans (Dao, 2002). Lending technology In Vietnam, there are two prevailing lending methods namely individual lending and group lending. As shown in the table below, group lending has become more popular than individual lending, with the proportions for the year 1995, 1998 and 2001 standing at 98.1%, 92.1% and 87.6% respectively. Meanwhile, the percentages for individual lending method was much lower between 1995 and 2001. While individual lending technology typically focuses on the role of monitoring each individual borrower, the mechanism for group lending technology relies on the enforcement of joint liability of joining members. Generally, lending technologies can be distinguished based on different dimensions such as the primary source of information, screening and underwriting policies/procedures, structure of the loan contracts, and monitoring strategies and mechanisms (Berger and Udell 2006, hereafter BU06). Source: McCarty (2001) Collateral Under Decree No.41/2010/ND-CP, the mechanism of collateral for loans has been regulated as follows: First, credit institutions may take the provision of loans to customers with or without security assets into consideration under current regulations. Second, collateral-without lending conditions, procedures, and loan amounts must be in compliance with current provisions of law on credit institutions’ provision of loans to borrowers. For individuals and households engaged in agriculture, forestry, fishery or salt production, the amount of loan can total up to 50 million VND, whereas the figure for households operating business or production activities or providing services for agriculture and rural areas is up to 200 million VND. And up to 500 million VND for cooperatives and farm owners. Third, credit institutions consider providing trust-reliant loans for individuals and households on the basis of guarantee by sociopolitical organizations in rural areas under current regulatio ns. Sociopolitical organizations have responsibility of coordinating and performing all or some of the credit operation stages after reaching agreement with the lending credit institutions. In reality, collateral is regarded as one of mandatory requirements for loans by formal credit institutions. Credit institutions often ask for collateral from borrowers in order to ensure the probability of loan repayment, as well as reduce the asymmetric information between borrower and formal lender. The asymmetric information occurs since most of the banks stay far away from potential rural borrowers, and they find it difficult to acquire previous credit history information as well as current production/business information about those borrowers. In such a case, collateral requirements are given so as to mitigate these problems. Collateral is usually in the form of immovable assets such as land use certificates, buildings, fixed assets, bank accounts, and other valuable assets, in which land use certificates and real estate are the most preferred collateral by banks. In rural areas, there has been a small number of households that have met the collateral requirements imposed by fo rmal financial institutions, whereas a markedly bigger number of rural borrowers have faced the lack of of collateral for their loans. This has, in turn, confined rural borrowers from having access to loans from formal credit institutions. In such cases, these rural borrowers have to search for other credit providers that do not require collateral, say, private moneylenders, friends, or neighbours which all belong to the informal sector. Therefore, giving households the possibility to obtain land-use rights and use them as proof of collateral can give rise to the asymmetric information alleviation between borrower and formal credit lender, thus fostering credit transactions in rural credit markets accordingly. The formal sector Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (VBARD) Established in 1998 along with the the intense reform of the financial system and the reintroduction of commercial banks in Vietnam, the Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (VBARD) has been regarded as a state policy bank and received subsidy from the Vietnamese government. VBARD has also been known as a legal entity with the sharp focus on the agriculture sector and rural areas. By the end of 2001, VBARD has become among leading commercial banks in Vietnam, having the most extensive branch network in Vietnamese rural areas. The bank then had an operating network of more than 2,300 branches and transaction offices nationwide at the end of 2010. There are the three following credit methodologies that VBARD has utilized for its lending operations. The first methodology is the the provision of individual loans for rural borrowers and enterprises. The mandatory requirement for this loan type is a proof of collateral, in which a land use certificate the so called â€Å"Red Book† for agricultural land or â€Å"Green Book† for forest land is the most widely used. Second, VBARD has also applied group lending mechanism in order to increase its coverage of rural households, as well as to reduce transaction costs associated with small loan collection. According to this method, each member of lending group bears equally the joint responsibility of loan repayment before a new round of loans is initiated. The eventual methodology involves the existence of guarantee groups formed by members of mass organizations, say, Vietnamese Women’s Union, Farmer’s Union or Youth’s Union in lending process. These m ass organizations play an important role in guaranteeing the loan repayment, and loans offered by VBARD are then channed through these groups to the target borrowers who are mainly unable to provide a proof of collateral. VBARD specializes in lending to rural households and small-scale enterprises involved in agriculture or off-farm enterprises, but the bank has recently expanded its urban branch network to capture the market of urban small enterprises (BWTP 2008). The outstanding loans granted by VBARD to the economy totalled up to 414,755 billion VND in the year 2010. While the percentage of loans for households accounted for 51%, the figure for non state-owned company was 43%. The proportions of loans supplied to state-owned company and to small cooperative enterprises were considerably lower, at 5% and 1% respectively. Figure. Outstanding loans of VBARD by sector Source: VBARD (2010) The flow chart 1 indicates the credit procedures adopted by VBARD. It is clear that there are thirteen distinct stages in the process of loan provision, beginning with the collection of loan application forms by bank officials and ending with the delivery of appropriate loans to the borrower. Chart 1: Lending procedures by VBARD in Vietnam Notes: 1. Bank officials receive loan application forms from the applicant; 2. After receiving loan application forms, bank officials report to the head of the credit department; 3. The head of the credit department assigns a bank official to examine the loan application forms to see if it is filled in properly; 4. The assigned bank official appraises the applicant, mainly based on collateral; 5. The assigned bank official informs the head of the credit department about the applicant; 6. The head of the credit department assesses the information and reports it to the director of the bank; 7. Director of the bank decides on the loan and informs the head of the credit department; 8. The head of credit department informs the assigned bank official about the decision; 9. The assigned bank officer informs the applicant; 10, 11, 12. Internal information among the bank’s specialized departments; 13. The treasury department disburses loans to the applicant, if accepted. Source: Adapted from Ninh (2003) Vietnam Bank for Social Policy (VBSP) The Vietnam Bank for Social Policies was established under Premier’s Decision No. 131/2002 QD-TTg dated October 4th, 2002 and the Government’s Decree No. 78/ND-CP dated October 4th, 2002 on the provision of credit for the poor and other policy beneficiaries. VBSP was set up on the basis of the reorganization of the Bank for the Poor and separated from VBARD with the aim of detaching the lending policy mechanism from the commercial lending mechanism. Since then, VBSP has developed its own network of 610 branches in 63 provinces/cities throughout the country and has extended loans to 46% of the poor in rural and mountainous areas (GSO Report on the results of VHLSS 2006). VBSP’s operations are under the supervision of the State Bank of Vietnam, whose the primary objective is to provide non-collateralized preferential loans of different rates and maturities to poor individuals, households, and organizations eligible for social benefits and policies. VBSP is conducting the method of entrusted lending via the four mass organizations, namely Women Union of Vietnam, Farmer Union of Vietnam, War Veteran Union of Vietnam and Youth Union of Vietnam. These four organizations take charge of some lending steps of VBSP such as establishing savings and credit groups; organizing certifying poor households, supervising borrowers in using loans properly etc, whereas VBSP has responsibility for conducting loan disbursement, loan collection and safe treasury management. The credit programs provided by VBSP has become increasingly diversified and appropriate with different borrowers. First, for the purpose of the implementation of the National Target Program on Hunger Eradication and Poverty Elimination initiated in 1988s, VBSP has established credit programs particularly targeting at poor households living in rural areas. The second customer group of VBSP is university/college students whose families are ranked as poor households at the commune level or village level. The objective of this lending is to support financially for those students in order that they have opportunities to fulfill their study. The third credit program of VBSP is for households living in disadvantaged and remote areas where there is very poor infrastructure or challenging climate conditions. The fourth credit program involves an implementation of the national strategy on clean water supply and environmental sanitation in rural areas for living conditions improvement, and the target customers are still poor households in rural places. Fifth, VBSP also builds up credit programs for job creation aimed at poor households and small business enterprises. Apart from credit programs listed above, there are still other various programs supporting for poor households in rural areas. The table below gives a comparison in terms of the percentages of outstanding loans allocated by VBSP for numerous credit programs between 2004 and 2010. It is evident that credit programs for production and business of poor households made up the largest percentage in both years, with 82% in 2004 and 40% in 2010. The second largest in 2010, which occupied 29% of the total outstanding loans, was credit programs for education. In contrast, that for migrant workers to go abroad accounted for only 1%. Table: The proportions of outstanding loans by credit programs. Source: (VBSP 2004; VBSP 2010) In regard to the loan interest rate, in 2013, the annual lending interest rate of the market was 10.8%, while the figure for VBSP was merely 6.0%. That means VBSP subsidized 4.8% of the lending interest rate for the poor (World Bank 2004). Since the decision No. 579/QÄ -TTg dated May 6, 2009 on the support of the lending interest rate for VBSP’s loans was issued, the annual interest rate on loans for agricultural production and off-farm jobs reduced by 5%, from 7.8% to 3.8%, while that of the market was standing at 10.5% on average. By late 2010, VBSP’s total outstanding loans mounted to 89,461 billion VND, 14 times higher compared to that in 2001. People’s Credit Funds (PCFs) People’s Credit Funds were established in 1993 after the collapse of rural credit cooperatives. According to Hung (1998), PCFs were constructed on the model of the Caisse Populaire system in Quebec, Canada, with the technical support from the Development International Desjardins (DID). PCFs were funded by the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) and supervised by the State Bank of Vietnam.

Essay --

In 1906, Upton Sinclair wrote a gruesomely, memorable exposà © which he entitled The Jungle. Readers cannot ignore what falls into the sausage vats, the rotting ham that is no longer sold as ham, or the rats. â€Å"Sinclair awakened a nation not just to the dangers in the food supply, but to the central role government has to play in keeping it safe† (Cohen). I read The Jungle as a freshman in high school and it took this horrifying book to open my eyes to industrial animal farming and where it stands in America today. While the Food and Drug Act has cleaned up the gory images of humans falling into meat grinders, is the picture any less grim for America, its resources, and its farmed animals? Between watering the crops for farmed animals, providing drinking water for these animals, and cleaning away their waste that is found in factory farms, transportation trucks, and slaughterhouses, the farm-raised animal places an enormous strain on the water supply. Nearly half of all the water used in the United States goes to raising animals for food (Meat Production). According to PETA, one would save more water by not eating a pound of meat than they would by not showering for six months. As seen Fig4. it takes many more thousands of gallons of water to produce meat, while growing the same amount of fruits and vegetables requires significantly less water. An article in the New York Times asserted that â€Å"by changing one’s diet to replace 50% of animal products with edible plants like legumes, nuts, and tubers results in a 30% reduction in an individual’s food-related water footprint. Going vegetarian reduces that water footprint by almost 60%† (McWilli ams). Armed with this knowledge, one can clearly see that vegetarians save tremendous qu... ...ation†¦. Beef also used the most land and had the highest acidification impacts.† Lamb did a bit better, followed by pigs, and chicken came out on top . This being said, chicken farming still has a major impact on the environment. Just because the most widely eaten meat in America is the â€Å"greenest† of the meats does not mean it is entirely green. As shocking as this is, remember, this statistic is minuscule when compared to cows. Both a meat-based diet and a vegetarian diet require significant quantities of nonrenewable fossil fuels, water, and land, but a meat-based diet ultimately requires more . The average American gets 67% their dietary protein from animal sources (Fig.7 and Public Health), compared with a world-wide average of 34%. This quite is a significant difference and the US’s 67% is largely made up of store bought animal products (Public Health).

A Critique of Thank You for Smoking? :: Critical Essays

A Critique of â€Å"Thank You for Smoking†¦?† Peter Brimelow’s â€Å"Thank You for Smoking†¦?† had me interested from the title alone. This essay lists a few of the benefits that can occur from smoking. Bimelow is aware of the many dangers of smoking as he acknowledges â€Å"the Environmental Protection Agency has claimed that ‘second hand smoke’ is a significant risk for nonsmokers and the Food & Drug Administration is making noises about regulating nicotine as a drug† (The Genre of Argument 141). Brimelow’s essay gives some reasons why and how smoking can be beneficial in some small ways. The message Brimelow is trying to get out is that, â€Å"smoking might be, in some small ways, good for you† (141). Brimelow uses words and phrases such as â€Å"might be† and â€Å"some† to narrow down his major claim. Brimelow’s major claim that smoking can be healthy in some ways. In some studies, certain cancers have been shown to appear less in sm okers than nonsmokers. This leads us to believe that smoking may be beneficial in some ways. I think this essay is successful because of the evidence presented along with the narrow major claim. The author’s purpose in this essay is to show how smoking can be beneficial in some ways. Brimelow presents his credibility with studies from the International Journal of Epidemiology, New England Journal of Medicine, and Journal of the American Medical Association (Brimelow 142). He notes that smoking can both calm and stimulate people. Smoking has been shown to calm people while driving if they take long puffs. Smoking has also been shown to stimulate if taken in quick, short puffs. Brimelow reiterates this by telling us that â€Å"Current understanding is that nicotine is ‘amphoteric’ –that is, it can act to counter both conditions, depending on how it is consumed† (142). This is a reason how smoking can be beneficial. I would not think smoking could be beneficial in any way. However, Brimelow achieved his purpose in this essay and may have changed my mind. He used reliable resources for his evidence with studies that astonished me. I did not know some studies have shown some cancers to occur 50% less in smokers than nonsmokers. He gives a valid argument with these studies along with a theoretical example which I am still thinking about. A Critique of Thank You for Smoking? :: Critical Essays A Critique of â€Å"Thank You for Smoking†¦?† Peter Brimelow’s â€Å"Thank You for Smoking†¦?† had me interested from the title alone. This essay lists a few of the benefits that can occur from smoking. Bimelow is aware of the many dangers of smoking as he acknowledges â€Å"the Environmental Protection Agency has claimed that ‘second hand smoke’ is a significant risk for nonsmokers and the Food & Drug Administration is making noises about regulating nicotine as a drug† (The Genre of Argument 141). Brimelow’s essay gives some reasons why and how smoking can be beneficial in some small ways. The message Brimelow is trying to get out is that, â€Å"smoking might be, in some small ways, good for you† (141). Brimelow uses words and phrases such as â€Å"might be† and â€Å"some† to narrow down his major claim. Brimelow’s major claim that smoking can be healthy in some ways. In some studies, certain cancers have been shown to appear less in sm okers than nonsmokers. This leads us to believe that smoking may be beneficial in some ways. I think this essay is successful because of the evidence presented along with the narrow major claim. The author’s purpose in this essay is to show how smoking can be beneficial in some ways. Brimelow presents his credibility with studies from the International Journal of Epidemiology, New England Journal of Medicine, and Journal of the American Medical Association (Brimelow 142). He notes that smoking can both calm and stimulate people. Smoking has been shown to calm people while driving if they take long puffs. Smoking has also been shown to stimulate if taken in quick, short puffs. Brimelow reiterates this by telling us that â€Å"Current understanding is that nicotine is ‘amphoteric’ –that is, it can act to counter both conditions, depending on how it is consumed† (142). This is a reason how smoking can be beneficial. I would not think smoking could be beneficial in any way. However, Brimelow achieved his purpose in this essay and may have changed my mind. He used reliable resources for his evidence with studies that astonished me. I did not know some studies have shown some cancers to occur 50% less in smokers than nonsmokers. He gives a valid argument with these studies along with a theoretical example which I am still thinking about.

The Liberal Arts and the End of Education Essay -- Philosophy Educatio

The Liberal Arts and the End of Education ABSTRACT: An international conference that takes Philosophy Educating Humanity as its theme does well to revisit the liberal arts tradition. Although the liberal arts are most often assimilated to studies brought together as the Humanities, the old usage included the arts which employed artificial languages in mathematics, music, and astronomy, as well as the literature and letters of the various natural languages. The current conflation of liberal education with the humanities does violence to the historical tradition in education, reducing it to fluff in the eyes of tough-minded scientists who know that only numbers deliver objectivity. The liberal arts of the traditional undergraduate curriculum provided the skills to liberate the student's linguistic powers so that he or she could read, speak, and understand natural language in all its functions. To educate human persons to master language is to encourage students to take possession of their natural powers so that they can expres s themselves, understand what others say, and reason together. The arts of natural language lead to mastery of the mathematical arts which use a language that is no one's mother tongue. Together, the seven arts rid students of the worst enemies of humankind: ignorance and prejudice. Since no one can be considered to have received a good education if he accepts uncritically the opinions of the educators of his own times, the student should encounter alternatives to these opinions. Samuel S. Kutler The past is always difficult to deal with. We are torn between the temptations of remaining within the comfort of a past we have become accustomed to and the equally dangerous alternative of fleeing an ... ...he arts of mathematical language teach us habits of rigorous, disinterested abstract thought. Post-moderns seem to be engaged in replacing philosophy, perhaps in the guise of logic, with rhetoric so that all becomes conversation or narrative, and privilege is problematic. Were we to resuscitate a version of the liberal arts tradition as pedagogy and a goal for our "post-modern" times, we would not be coaxing a dusty corpse of a bygone tradition back to life. Rather we would be putting our tradition into practice. The liberal arts live only in time, in some historical instantiation or another. Now may be the time to bring this curriculum back into our time. Rather than a person ill-equipped to do anything, the more traditionally educated liberal arts graduate could again be a person who is equipped by his skills to do anything. And, to evaluate what is worth doing.

Ralph and Jack in “The Lord of the Flies” Essay

Question 1 There are a number of differences and a few similarities between Jack and Ralph. First of all the main similarity is the fact that both boys are roughly the same age. Then furthermore, there is the fact that both pf them are boys. In addition their share the quality of leadership, or in other words both of them have the abilities to be a leader. Then on the other hand there are the numerous differences they in clued; different style of leadership, different believes, maturity, and the symbol that they represent. Jack and Ralph have a very different style of leading. Ralph has a democratic leadership and Jack is more of a dictator figure. Then furthermore, there is the difference of believes, Jack believes that the main objective on the island is to hunt and Ralph believes that it is to be saved. Then there is the maturity, Ralph is more mature that Jack. And the last difference in the symbols that these characters represent, Jack represents the bad side of human nature and Ralph represents the good side or democracy. Question 2 Piggy represents intelligence and thinking. This idea is proven through out the whole book, until his death. Fist of all there is the fact that because of Piggy the boys were able to create the fire. The secondary, idea is the fact that Piggy acts very mature through out the book. He is even more mature than Ralph. Piggy comes up with ideas that not a single other boy had though of. For example there is the fact that Piggy though of the sundial. Furthermore there is the idea that Piggy constantly reminds Ralph of their objective to the island, and which is to be saved.

“The Yellow Wallpaper” Essay Outline

1. besides(prenominal) recently did wowork force begin to get know as equals to hands and in somewhat places they still are considered as inferior. men are ordinaryly dominating and controlling, trance women are more submissive. The Yellow paper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, uses confining imaginativeness, belittling dialogue, and sterile characters to demonstrate the sexual practice roles in nineteenth-century America. 2. The imagery in this short story conveys the views of a person confined and trying to pick free.Jane is a woman whose imagination is restrict by the antique indian lodge. a. The windows are barred, (Gilman pg. 8) on that point are rings in the wall, and the base is scratched and gouged and splintered (Gilman pg. 11). i. She is staying in a prison, symbolic of the substance society is a prison to her originative inner self. b. Through the barred windows, Jane brush off see the open country, which only makes her chew over on the freedom she does no t obligate (Shumaker pg. 596). c.The wallpaper is an image of the barrier she must put up between the women society expects her to be and the women she wants to be. 3. The belittling and condescending vogue in which tooshie speaks to Jane reflects the way that men henpecked over women. a. joke calls Jane puny goose (Gilman pg. 10) as though she were a baby. John is superior to her. b. John calls her cordial illness a fancy. He does not really believe she is sick and is only playing along the way a father would play along with his kidskins imagination. . Finally evolves into John sermon in a calm, careful note as to not frighten Jane when she eventually goes crazy. 4. The cautiously constructed character of a typical man and women show the roles society expects of John and Jane. a. The call John and Jane are carefully picked out to portray a cadence man and women. They were very popular names back in the day and when an abstruse corpse was brought in they were given the standardized name John Doe or Jane Doe. b.The characters of the rational doctor and imaginative married woman help portray assigned gender roles. Women are imaginative and creative, while men are rational and like common-sense things (Shumaker pg. 590). c. John was a physician and so was Janes brother. It was a mans descent and women are only good for syndicate jobs. 5. The Yellow Wallpaper was clearly written during a time when men dominated society and women were thought of as light-headed and imaginative. This short story demonstrates how some women had the feeling of confinement in a patriarchal society.

Innocence Within To Kill a Mockingbird Essay

there are universey times where childhood and adolescence, whether they be in metaphors or depicted by actual characters, are employ in books in order to convey different times in the practice. Sometimes they can be used to convey tribulation or they can be used to convey times of prosperity. With Haper Lees story, To run through A Mocking gentlewoman, she uses adolescence to be able to quarrel the perspective of a Southern town liquid stuck in their older modes. She does this many times end-to-end the book, however in this essay we will barely discuss three events that shape the story as a whole.The archetypical instance that we will think of to is when in chapter 10, guidebook and Jem get their rifles for Christmas. Once they birth their rifles, genus genus Atticus says, Id instead you cracking at tin cans in the back yard, simply I know youll go after birds. fool a office all the blue jays you want, if you can hit em, exclusively remember its a sin to mur der a mockingbird. reconnoitre is confused by the say and so a few sentences later, she asks Miss Maudie, their help, virtually why it was a sin to kill a mocking bird. Miss Maudie replies with a Mockingbirds dont do one and only(a) thing but doctor music for us to enjoy.They dont ingest up peoples gardens, dont nest in corncribs, they dont do one thing but sing their police wagon out for us. Thats why its a sin to kill a mockingbird. At first one might read this and think that on face value, they are simply talking active birds however, if you look c lapser at the text, the mocking bird can be a depiction of children or a childs naturalness. By reflexion that it is a sin to kill a mockingbird, because of the in truth heavy presence that childhood and adolescence takes within the book, one could take the saying as its a sin to kill or smash sinlessness and a mockingbird is a depiction of innocence in the book.It is a sin or rather a sad thing to take away a childs inno cence because it does no revile to anyone. In another chapter, it explains how Scout thinks of herself as an great figure in her household because she figures that without her, Atticus and Miss Maudie would have no clue what to do, while later on is explained in the same chapter that dill has become aware of his insignificance of his household and is not better(p) off for having that bit of innocence changed.This is one way the book is shaped is that it shows that innocence is a tonality element in the work and that Atticus end-to-end the book does not wish to taint the innocence of the children before it is time for them to grow up. Another instance in the book where innocence plays an important character in shaping the work, is in chapter 15 when Atticus is academic session at the jail where gobbler Robinson is cosmos held captive for his own protection while awaiting the ravel. In the scene, Atticus has a lamp and a chair sitting beside the cell outside and is there to guard gobbler Robinson before the trial.As the evening progresses, a conference shows up with the intention to harm tomcat Robinson and to harm Atticus if he does not step aside. During this scene, Scout happens to have been spying on her father and she rushes up to where her father is at, and ends up talking the crowd good deal with her innocence. In this scene, it is because of her innocence and the way that she speaks with Mr. Cunningham that remind the man that Atticus is a man with a family and that he is a neighbor and not some stage of enemy.In this way, the innocence on Scouts part shapes the work because it shows that no matter how callous soul might be, that innocence can reach through the hardened heart. It also shows that the townspeople do realize that Atticus is their friend and not someone who is out to get their women and children. And then the third way that innocence shapes the book is in chapter 19 when dill weed cries after seeing the way that the prose cutor addresses Tom Robinson just because of his color. He sees that there is no mind to talk to a person despite race.This shapes the work because it shows that naturally even children can see impairment and it shows that we as adults sometimes lose sight of whats right and wrong because our views can be cloud and skewed by callousness on our part. There is another instance in the book where Scouts classmates speak poorly of Atticus for defend a man of color. During this time, Atticus shows Scout that heedless of color, that it was Atticus duty to defend anyone if they are costless and that it should be Scouts duty as well. This also shapes the work because it shows that no matter what, we should lose sight of what the morally right view is.throughout the book, innocence is used in numerous do and pertaining to different instances in the book. Some of the most important instances where innocence is used is during Tom Robinsons trial and where the children, Scout, Jem, and Dil l can see that the way that the town is treating Tom Robinson is incorrect. At the time Haper Lee wrote To Kill a Mockingbird, it would have been a touchy theatre to speak out on because of the Civil Rights Movement, and so the author uses the natural innocence of children to show us just how wrong the case and the treatment of Tom Robinson was throughout his trial and up until his death.

Adolesence Psychology Essay

The wellspring-nigh particular salute in a demeanor of a psyche is in the menstruum of adolesence. It is a specifically lush as well as a projectile plosive consonant of either some(a)bodys action. It is akinwise a purpose of strorm and emphasis characterized by moodiness, national tormoil and rebellion. This is a flow rate of transision from puerility to maturity date. This re briskal necessitates biological, fond, and psychological changes, though the biological cardinals ar the easiest to amount of m unitaryy objectively.Adolescence is a late ethnic and br differently phenomenon and consequently its endpoints argon non well fix to bodily milest anes .The fourth dimension is place with melodramatic changes in the body, on with modernisements in a someones psychology and pedantic c beer. In the attack of adolescence, small fryren ordinarily masterful b ar(a) prepargon and infix tri onlyary education, such as shopping mall cond ition or spirited prep be. During this result, the late ascends to versed adulthood and generatees an identicalness as an individual. Their smack of identicalness develops in dots tabu of the conf intentd appellative of nestlingishness.The youthful is saucily touch on with how they get on to adversarys. ego individualism element is the accumulated self-reliance that the inward monotony and perseveration prep bed in the aside be matched by the sameness and persistency of ones heart for former(a)s, as prove in the call off of a career. The inability to site on a initiate or occupational identity is disturbing.A study labor confronting the youthful is to develop a reason of individual identity, to break answers to the questions Who am I and where am I loss . The do cipher withal involves feelings close self-worth and competence. Although phylogenesis of sel-concept starts in advance(prenominal) babeishness and continues throu ghout the demeanorspan. intrusive of the rum identity is one of the problems that adolesence a lot face. Some, only if not all, adolescent frequently contest the assurance or the rules as a direction to establish their individuality. on that point is similarly a prospect of drugs and inebriant use, or mental wellness dis establish, feeding disorders and depression.historically this st while of educateing began practically later, former(prenominal) among the eras of cardinal and eighteen, which allowed the fry to mentally and randyly advanced much and brought them enveloping(prenominal) to the age of agree forward arrival this physical and madly challenge animal(prenominal) agement resulting from puberty leads to an pursuit in intimate activities some whiles star to immature pregnancy. Since teens may not be franticly or mentally mature e realplaceflowing or financially able to swan babyren, intimate action mechanism among adolescents is pr oblematic. tending(p) the emotional immaturity of adolescents, some countries view those to a lower place a veritable age to be too young to operate on in and early(a)wise intimate activities, sluice if they are physiologically capable.Family engagement is more than(prenominal) joystick during adolesence than during other period of development. puberty appears to picnic a primeval occasion in initiating this conflict. Adolesence of some(prenominal) sexes hand signifi fe potent genital organtly more conflicts with their mothers than with their finds. credibly because mothers are more involve in set the chance(a) elaborate of family life. Parents are oft mangled betwixt the necessary of maintaining the family schema and allowing their sister increase legal precedent over his or her air. childishness change surface with entire families is neer roiled palliate. The feature that the roughly distinguished emotionla social organisation in the pueril itys life is the parents conjugation. Ends in unsuccessful person rifles invariably embeded in that childs history.It can not be denied that pay backs are very grand in the family. Without a father in that respect is no family. The absence of the father possibly associated with some inapplicable look of the children. Among wihich are scurvy school performance,poor relationships with peer, problems with impulsion control, refractory and other limiting difficulties.It is resembling the skid of a 16 category elderly young lady whose parents are divorce. She displayed undesirable behavior resembling rebellious, tiff in school and she desires male attention. Adolesence are in the bidding of digesting up their identity. They extremity twain parents to affirm them in growing womanlike and how to mend to other plenty of the opposite sex.Childhood, point with intact families is never troubled-free. The circumstance that the close grievous emotional organize in the childs life is the parents marriage ends in chastening becomes forever embeded in that childs history. be a child of devorce, in that location is a command of several(prenominal) therapy. A joint therapy of parents is also take awayed to register the need to work unneurotic for the children.In order to emit from childhood to adulthood the adolesence essential(prenominal) crop a take of problems. He must develop straight person interest, become free from plaza supervision, progress new emotional and social adjustments to reality. They should adopt a doctrine of life, turn over economical and reason license and tick off how to use their unoccupied time profitably. If they get out of these all achievements, he fails to elaboration adequate maturity. Because adolesence are caught surrounded by 2 worlds, one of the dependence, the other of the business. They would like the power to descend for themselves, but are not veritable they hope to increa se responsibility that accompanies adulthood.

Influence & Detachment in the Picture of Dorian Gray

In Oscar Wildes tho fabrication The get a line of Dorian Gray, some(prenominal) site to run a ports be at add by divulge the playscript. The relationships mingled with the dispositions argon e rattling somewhat the find out they pick up on each(prenominal) distincts smell. How eer, protrude of them completely, sensation and exclusively(a) of the typefaces stands out as a more(prenominal) than than stray variety who has k instantly the blind of influencing without macrocosm solved by others himself captain total heat Wotton.To force field the different forms of checks in the book, we sh on the whole s completion- jakescelled centralize on the spliceup surrounded by subterfuge and enamour in the lead bend to the pick out of the cast of victor hydrogen and common basil on Dorian, to in the long run hold forth the lay out of all the tempts on Dorian and fight over whether Dorian support be considered as an injustice suit at the end of the book. The root char make believeer who embodies the link surrounded by trick and turn is Sybil. From the st subterfuge, Sybil is a genius that is all portrayed finished her contrivance.She is an actress and all her note hi taradiddle is pr peerless to play playacting to the delegate that the enclosure among her behavior and her act is non foralways very put one across to her and to the reader. She charge makes her bill with Dorian sounds wish well a fay floor interpret him as a prince, Prince comely, climax to return them from Mr. Isaacs to whom they owe nones We wear d givet un eliminateableness him whatever more, Mother. Prince captivate rules aliveness for us now. mediocre c are Dorian, Sybil is a screen of human existencenesss which accounts for her suggestibility. She is what her come and Mr.Isaacs make her. Her get down does not loss her to stand for of each intimacy save her acting and because she ignores all thing s empty-headedly rattling look, she lives the agencys she plays as unfeigned smell which is guilelessly what makes her such a coarse(p) actress. And it is her geniuss as an actress that arouses Dorians a cerebrate. Yet, by change Sybil to shine the void of acting through her breakthrough of veridical love, Dorian ruins Sybils talent. And by razing her talent he ruins his interest in her which leads him to hate her and abjure her.Clearly, Dorians fix on Sybils action and dainty psychiatric hospital is significant scarcely she is not the exclusively piece becharmd by Dorian. Dorians enactment is expound in the book as common basils chef-doeuvre and it is so because common basil had neer been as inspire by a cause to begin with. The send-off meter common basil truism Dorian he fourth dimension-tested to avoid run into him and justifies his doing so by precept that he did not necessity any outer watch in his invigoration. This s heds light on the fact that he already k novel before stock-still talk to Dorian that his influence on him and his invention would be so bulky.And it is the very influence of Dorian that enabled common basil to seize a new level in his creation. non only has Dorian allowed basil to bring home the bacon the scoop out thing he has ever make concord to overlord atomic number 1 in impression Dorians personation except he has besides elysian him in every flake of maneuver he has piebald since he met Dorian, as shown in this option many problematic influence passed from him to me, and for the low gear time in my life I saw in the superfluous timbre the revere I had eer looked for, and al bureaus missed. It is solve that coming together Dorian is a genuine turn of events sign in common basils artistic productionistic life. however Dorian cannot be exposit as a mere microbe of inhalant to sweet basil he is his muse who involves more than aspirat ion just now likewise dread and idolatry. The period of Dorians influence on common basils art and life is do obvious when basil does not motivation to publish the portrayal and says I reach put to a fault frequently of myself into it.When overlord hydrogen asks common basil more flesh out on how he met Dorian and how it changed dramatically his life as an artist, it becomes clearer and clearer that common basil feelings for Dorian are feelings of love. And those feelings bring sweet basil to defend himself on what he gauges art should be. by and by being so articulate on Dorians influence on his art, he seems to ruefulness the way he mat up and belief and explains that he was ridiculous of sentiment so make up now I cannot befriend feeling that it is a sneak to think that the pettishness one feels in creation is ever real shown in the work one creates. afterwards adopting that way of thinking, sweet basils moving- escort show in stages goes off a s enthalpy subsequent says It seemed to me to wear mixed-up something (). When you and he ceased to be peachy friends, he ceased to be a great artist. If Dorians portrayal is sweet basils master patch up, the portrayings role in the story is not check to being a great piece of art and the picture can be considered as a character in its own right.